three.js (四)离散层次细节level of details - 李勇2的个人空间 - 开源中国

李勇
2018-10-13 16:38:14
前端开发
前端视觉 JavaScript 3D library

LOD 处理比较大的外部地面场景中比较有用，一般用于绘制地形。首先通过可视体的切割删除不用的地形块，接着通过LOD 对照相机不同距离的地形块进行层次细节调整。

这里采用最简单的LOD 方法。

首先地形有n*n 的块构成，这些块共同构成一个大平面；

首先根据每个块到照相机的距离计算细节层次，

例如假设由5*5 个块构成地形，每个块1*1大小，有4个细节层次，

当块距离照相机小于2 层次 0

距离小于4 层次 1

小于6 层次 2

其它层次 3

首先构造一个Object3D 作为整个地面的代表。

myGame.Earth = function(){
    THREE.Object3D.call(this);
    this.curPatches = [];
    this.patches = [];
    this.width = 5;
    this.height = 5;
    this.patch_width = 1;
    this.patch_height = 1;
    for(var i = 0; i < this.height; i++)
    {
        for(var j = 0; j < this.width; j++)
        {
            this.patches.push(1);//distance ---> detail 0 1*1
        }
    }
};


myGame.Earth.prototype = new THREE.Object3D();

var earth = new myGame.Earth();

earth中的每一个块是一个Mesh 对象，底层的几何体是一个PlaneGeometry

curPatches 用于存放当前组成earth的块，当细节层次需要改变的时候这些块将被丢弃，而重新构造新的块。

patches用于存储当前块的细节层次。

关键的setDetails 函数用于调节块的细节，首先计算所有块到照相机的距离得到细节层次；接着删除旧的所有平面，接着再构建新的块加入到场景中。

myGame.Earth.prototype.setDetails = function(camera){
    var diff = new THREE.Vector3();
    var standard = this.patch_width;
    var pos = new THREE.Vector3();
    for(var i = 0; i < this.height; i++)
    {
        for(var j = 0; j < this.width; j++)
        {
            pos.set(-this.width/2*this.patch_width+j*this.patch_width+this.patch_width/2, 
                    0, 
                    -this.height/2*this.patch_height+i*this.patch_height+this.patch_height/2); 

            var dist = diff.sub(camera.position, pos).length();
            if(dist < 2*standard)
                this.patches[i*this.width+j] = 0;
            else if(dist < 4*standard)
                this.patches[i*this.width+j] = 1;
            else if(dist < 6*standard)
                this.patches[i*this.width+j] = 2;
            else
                this.patches[i*this.width+j] = 3;
        }
    }
    for(var i = 0; i < this.curPatches.length; i++)
    {
        this.remove(this.curPatches[i]);
    }
    var mat = new THREE.MeshBasicMaterial({color:0xff0000, wireframe:true});
    for(var i = 0; i < this.patches.length; i++)
    {
        var pl;
        var detail = this.patches[i];
        console.log(detail);
        if(detail == 0)
            pl = new THREE.PlaneGeometry(this.patch_width, this.patch_height, 10, 10);
        else if(detail == 1)
            pl = new THREE.PlaneGeometry(this.patch_width, this.patch_height, 5, 5);
        else if(detail == 2)
            pl = new THREE.PlaneGeometry(this.patch_width, this.patch_height, 2, 2);
        else
            pl = new THREE.PlaneGeometry(this.patch_width, this.patch_height, 1, 1);
        var obj = new THREE.Mesh(pl, mat);
        obj.position.set(-this.width/2*this.patch_width+i%this.width*this.patch_width+this.patch_width/2, 
                        -this.height/2*this.patch_height+ (this.height-~~(i/this.width))*this.patch_height+this.patch_height/2,
                        0);
        this.curPatches.push(obj);
        this.add(obj);
    }
};

在每帧更新的时候，通过检测照相机新旧位置的距离差，如果足够大则更新整个场景的块。

function animate()
{
    requestAnimationFrame(animate);
    controls.update(clock.getDelta());
    var vec = new THREE.Vector3();
    var dist = vec.sub(camera.position, camera.oldPosition).length();
    if(dist > earth.patch_width)
    {
        camera.oldPosition.copy(camera.position);
        earth.setDetails(camera);
    }
    render();
}

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创建于: 2018-10-13 16:38:14
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