springboot怎么设置responseType blob springboot配置resttemplate_mob64ca13fe1aa6的技术博客_51CTO博客

什么是RestTemplate

Spring中封装的通过Java代码发送RestFul请求的模板类,内置发送get post delete等请求的方法,
在SpringBoot中只要导入spring-boot-starter-web的依赖可以直接使用。

1、配置RestTemplate

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/**
 * RestTemplate配置
 */
@Configuration
public class RestTemplateConfig {

    @Bean
    public RestTemplate restTemplate(ClientHttpRequestFactory factory) {
        return new RestTemplate(factory);
    }

    @Bean
    public ClientHttpRequestFactory simpleClientHttpRequestFactory() {
        SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory factory = new SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory();
        //        超时设置
        factory.setReadTimeout(5000);//ms
        factory.setConnectTimeout(15000);//ms
        return factory;
    }
}

2、直接使用RestTemplate的Api发送请求

1、Get请求

Get请求方式:

url拼接参数
url拼接参数「占位符的方式」
获取响应实体对象「响应状态码」

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@Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;


   /**
     * 测试get请求
     */
    @Test
    public void test1(){
        /**
         * getForObject
         *
         * 参数1 要请求的地址的url  必填项
         * 参数2 响应数据的类型 是String 还是 Map等 必填项
         * 参数3 请求携带参数 选填
         *
         * getForObject 方法的返回值就是 被调用接口响应的数据
         */
        String result = restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8802/testRestGet?username=zhangsan", String.class);

        System.out.println(result);
        /**
         * getForEntity 方法
         * 参数1 要请求的地址的url  必填项
         * 参数2 响应数据的类型 是String 还是 Map等 必填项
         * 参数3 请求携带参数 选填
         *
         * 返回值类型为 ResponseEntity
         *
         * 可以通过ResponseEntity 获取响应的数据,响应的状态码等信息
         */
        ResponseEntity<String> responseEntity = restTemplate.getForEntity("http://localhost:8802/testRestGet?username=zhangsan", String.class);

        System.out.println("获取响应的状态:"+responseEntity.getStatusCode());

        System.out.println("获取响应的数据:"+responseEntity.getBody());

        /**
         * 通过Map传参
         */
        Map map= new HashMap();
        map.put("name","zhangsan");

        String resultId = restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8802/testRestGet?username={name}",
                String.class,map);

        System.out.println(resultId);

    }

3、Post请求的所有使用方式

post请求三种情况

模拟携带表单参数
url拼接参数
请求成功之后,获取跳转地址

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/**
     * 测试Post请求
     */
    @Test
    public void test2(){
        /**
         * postForObject 返回值为响应的数据
         * 参数1 要请求地址的url
         * 参数2 通过LinkedMultiValueMap对象封装请求参数  模拟表单参数,封装在请求体中
         * 参数3 响应数据的类型
         */
        LinkedMultiValueMap<String, String> request = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
        request.set("username","zhangsan");

        String result = restTemplate.postForObject("http://localhost:8802/testRestPost",request,String.class);

        System.out.println(result);

        /**
         * Post请求的时候同样也可以进行参数拼接,使用方式和Get一样
         * 示例如下,通过map封装数据,利用占位符的方式可以将参数拼接到url上
         * 和Get请求url拼接一样
         */
        Map map = new HashMap();
        map.put("password","123456");

        String result2 = restTemplate.postForObject("http://localhost:8802/testRestPost?password={password}",request,
                String.class,map);

        /**
         * postForLocation 这个API和前两个都不一样
         *
         * 登录or注册都是post请求,而这些操作完成之后呢?大部分都是跳转到别的页面去了,这种场景下,就可以使用 postForLocation 了,提交数据,并获取返回的URI
         * 响应参数要跳转的地址
         */
        URI uri = restTemplate.postForLocation("http://localhost:8802/testRestPostLocation", request);
        System.out.println("postForLocation请求到的地址为:"+uri);
    }

3、get 、post 设置请求头

方法一:

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package com.lby;

import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpRequest;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestExecution;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpRequestInterceptor;
import org.springframework.http.client.ClientHttpResponse;

import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * @author luxiaoyang
 * @create 2020-03-20-20:37
 */
public class UserAgentInterceptor implements ClientHttpRequestInterceptor {
    @Override
    public ClientHttpResponse intercept(HttpRequest request, byte[] body, ClientHttpRequestExecution execution) throws IOException {

        HttpHeaders headers = request.getHeaders();
//        设置请求头参数
        headers.add(HttpHeaders.USER_AGENT,
                "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/62.0.3202.94 Safari/537.36");
        return execution.execute(request, body);
    }
}

然后

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/**
     * 通用方式设置请求头
     */
    @Test
    public void test3(){
        /**
         * RestTemplate设置使用请求头的拦截器
         */
        restTemplate.setInterceptors(Collections.singletonList(new UserAgentInterceptor()));

        /**
         * 正常的发送请求
         */
        String result = restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:8802/testRestGet?username=zhangsan", String.class);

        System.out.println(result);
    }

方法二

Post请求的第二个参数是Request,可以根据请求头 + 请求参数,构建 HttpEntity 对象,将这个作为post的请求request参数传入

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/**
     * Post方式设置请求头
     */
    @Test
    public void test4(){
        //1. 设置请求头参数
        HttpHeaders requestHeaders = new HttpHeaders();
        requestHeaders.add(HttpHeaders.USER_AGENT, "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) " +
                "AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/62.0.3202.94 Safari/537.36");
        //2. 模拟表单参数 请求体携带参数
        MultiValueMap<String, String> requestBody = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
        requestBody.add("username", "zhangsan");
        //3. 封装HttpEntity对象
        HttpEntity<MultiValueMap> requestEntity = new HttpEntity<MultiValueMap>(requestBody, requestHeaders);
        RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();

        //4. 发送Post请求
        ResponseEntity<String> responseEntity = restTemplate.postForEntity("http://localhost:8802/testRestPost", requestEntity, String.class);
        System.out.println(responseEntity.getBody());
    }

我的使用:

Post:

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//1. 设置请求头参数
        HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
//        设置请求头参数
        headers.add("content-type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

        //2. 模拟表单参数 请求体携带参数
        MultiValueMap<String, String> requestBody = new LinkedMultiValueMap<>();
        requestBody.add("grant_type","password");
        requestBody.add("username","admin");
        requestBody.add("password","kubeSphere123");
        HttpEntity<MultiValueMap> requestEntity = new HttpEntity<MultiValueMap>(requestBody, headers);

        RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
        //4. 发送Post请求
        ResponseEntity<String> responseEntity = restTemplate.postForEntity("http://36.111.131.38:22246/oauth/token", requestEntity, String.class);
        System.out.println(responseEntity.getBody());

get

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RestTemplate restTemplateGet = new RestTemplate();
        HttpHeaders headersGet = new HttpHeaders();
        headersGet.add("Content-Type","application/json");
        headersGet.add("Authorization",token);

        HttpEntity<String> entity = new HttpEntity<String>(null, headersGet);

        ResponseEntity<String> result = restTemplateGet.exchange("http://36.111.128.2:22246/kapis/monitoring.kubesphere.io/v1alpha3/cluster?metrics_filter=cluster_cpu_usage|cluster_cpu_total|cluster_cpu_utilisation|cluster_memory_usage_wo_cache|cluster_memory_total|cluster_memory_utilisation|cluster_disk_size_usage|cluster_disk_size_capacity|cluster_disk_size_utilisation|cluster_pod_running_count|cluster_pod_quota$", HttpMethod.GET, entity, String.class);

        /**
         * 正常的发送请求
         */
        System.out.println(result.getBody());

若返回出现乱码

四种方法试试

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HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory httpRequestFactory = new HttpComponentsClientHttpRequestFactory();
        httpRequestFactory.setConnectionRequestTimeout(ConnectTimeoutConstant.connectTimeout);
        httpRequestFactory.setConnectTimeout(ConnectTimeoutConstant.connectTimeout);
        httpRequestFactory.setReadTimeout(ConnectTimeoutConstant.connectTimeout);
        RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate(httpRequestFactory);
        //第四种方案 {"name":"item_full_title","value":"2020夏季新款女款连衣裙修身V领连衣裙韩版chic中长裙子"}
        restTemplate.getMessageConverters().clear();
        restTemplate.getMessageConverters().add(new FastJsonHttpMessageConverter());
 
//第一种尝试方案,{"name":"item_full_title","value":"2020\u590f\u5b63\u65b0\u6b3e"}
//           restTemplate.getMessageConverters().set(1, new StringHttpMessageConverter(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
 
//第二种尝试方案{"name":"item_full_title","value":"2020\u590f\u5b63\u65b0\u6b3e"}
//        List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> httpMessageConverters = restTemplate.getMessageConverters();
//        httpMessageConverters.stream().forEach(httpMessageConverter -> {
//            if(httpMessageConverter instanceof StringHttpMessageConverter){
//                StringHttpMessageConverter messageConverter = (StringHttpMessageConverter) httpMessageConverter;
//                messageConverter.setDefaultCharset(Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
//            }
//        });
 
//第三种尝试方案,{"name":"item_full_title","value":"2020\u590f\u5b63\u65b0\u6b3e"}
//        StringHttpMessageConverter t = new StringHttpMessageConverter();
//        //设置为false就可以修改header中的accept-charset属性
//        t.setWriteAcceptCharset(false);
//        t.setDefaultCharset(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
//        restTemplate.getMessageConverters().add(0,t);
 
        return restTemplate;

java发起http POST

依赖

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<dependency>
            <groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId>
            <artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId>
            <version>3.1</version>
        </dependency>

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import org.apache.commons.httpclient.HttpClient;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.PostMethod;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.RequestEntity;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.methods.StringRequestEntity;
import org.apache.commons.httpclient.params.HttpMethodParams;
 
 public static String getHttpResult(String url, JSONObject jsonParm) {
        String result = null;
        String forecast_url = url;
        // 创建httpClient实例对象
        HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient();
        // 设置httpClient连接主机服务器超时时间:15000毫秒
        httpClient.getHttpConnectionManager().getParams().setConnectionTimeout(15000);
        // 创建post请求方法实例对象
        PostMethod postMethod = new PostMethod(forecast_url);
        // 设置post请求超时时间
        postMethod.getParams().setParameter(HttpMethodParams.SO_TIMEOUT, 60000);
        postMethod.addRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");


        String toJson = jsonParm.toString();
        System.out.println(toJson);

        try {
            RequestEntity se = new StringRequestEntity(toJson, "application/json", "UTF-8");
            postMethod.setRequestEntity(se);

            int httpStatus = httpClient.executeMethod(postMethod);
            result = postMethod.getResponseBodyAsString();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            postMethod.releaseConnection();
        }
        postMethod.releaseConnection();
        return result;
    }

原网址: 访问
创建于: 2024-12-13 09:59:32
目录: default
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