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个人比较习惯用NPOI操作excel,方便易理解。在宇宙第一IDE(笑)——VS2017中插入NPOI就很方便:
首先安装NPOI:
然后在.cs文件中加入如下引用:
using NPOI.SS.UserModel; using NPOI.XSSF.UserModel; using NPOI.HSSF.UserModel;
XSSF是用于.xlsx(2007以后版本)
HSSF是用于.xls(2007以前版本)
同时我的代码中要用到Datatable,用于存储表格数据
读写文件需要IO
using System.Data; using System.IO
接下来是读写excel的代码:
首先从excel中读入数据存入datatable并返回:
/// <summary>
/// Excel导入成DataTble /// </summary>
/// <param name="file">导入路径(包含文件名与扩展名)</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static DataTable ExcelToTable(string file)
{
DataTable dt = new DataTable();
IWorkbook workbook; string fileExt = Path.GetExtension(file).ToLower(); using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(file, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
{ if (fileExt == ".xlsx") { workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fs); } else if (fileExt == ".xls") { workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fs); } else { workbook = null; } if (workbook == null) { return null; }
ISheet sheet = workbook.GetSheetAt(0); //表头
IRow header = sheet.GetRow(sheet.FirstRowNum);
List<int\> columns = new List<int>(); for (int i = 0; i < header.LastCellNum; i++)
{ object obj = GetValueType(header.GetCell(i)); if (obj == null || obj.ToString() == string.Empty)
{
dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Columns" + i.ToString()));
} else dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn(obj.ToString()));
columns.Add(i);
} //数据
for (int i = sheet.FirstRowNum + 1; i <= sheet.LastRowNum; i++)
{
DataRow dr = dt.NewRow(); bool hasValue = false; foreach (int j in columns)
{
dr\[j\] = GetValueType(sheet.GetRow(i).GetCell(j)); if (dr\[j\] != null && dr\[j\].ToString() != string.Empty)
{
hasValue = true;
}
} if (hasValue)
{
dt.Rows.Add(dr);
}
}
} return dt;
}
同时支持.xlsx和.xls
上面代码用到了GetValueType函数:
/// <summary>
/// 获取单元格类型 /// </summary>
/// <param name="cell">目标单元格</param>
/// <returns></returns>
private static object GetValueType(ICell cell)
{ if (cell == null) return null; switch (cell.CellType)
{ case CellType.Blank: return null; case CellType.Boolean: return cell.BooleanCellValue; case CellType.Numeric: return cell.NumericCellValue; case CellType.String: return cell.StringCellValue; case CellType.Error: return cell.ErrorCellValue; case CellType.Formula: default: return "=" + cell.CellFormula;
}
}
最后是datatable写入excel(仅适用于.xlsx)文件:
/// <summary>
/// Datable导出成Excel(xlsx) /// </summary>
/// <param name="dt"></param>
/// <param name="file">导出路径(包括文件名与扩展名)</param>
public static void TableToExcel(DataTable dt, string file)
{
IWorkbook workbook; string fileExt = Path.GetExtension(file).ToLower();if (workbook == null) { return; }
ISheet sheet = string.IsNullOrEmpty(dt.TableName) ? workbook.CreateSheet("sheet0") : workbook.CreateSheet(dt.TableName); //表头
IRow row = sheet.CreateRow(0); for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
{
ICell cell = row.CreateCell(i);
cell.SetCellValue(dt.Columns\[i\].ColumnName);
} //数据
for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++)
{
IRow row1 = sheet.CreateRow(i + 1); for (int j = 0; j < dt.Columns.Count; j++)
{
ICell cell = row1.CreateCell(j);
cell.SetCellValue(dt.Rows[i][j].ToString());
}
} //转为字节数组
MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream();
workbook.Write(stream); var buf = stream.ToArray(); //保存为Excel文件
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(file, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Write))
{
fs.Write(buf, 0, buf.Length);
fs.Flush();
}
}
其中:
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(file, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Write))
这一行,FileMode.open会在已有的文件中加入你所create的sheet,适用FileMode.create会创新新文件,几遍已有文件,也会删掉该文件。
这是写入.xls文件的代码
/// <summary>
/// 将datatable写入到excel(xls) /// </summary>
/// <param name="dt">datatable</param>
/// <param name="filepath">写入的文件路径</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static bool DataTableToExcel(DataTable dt, string filepath)
{ bool result = false;
IWorkbook workbook = null;
FileStream fs = null;
IRow row = null;
ISheet sheet = null;
ICell cell = null; try { if (dt != null && dt.Rows.Count > 0)
{
workbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
sheet = workbook.CreateSheet("Sheet0");//创建一个名称为Sheet0的表
int rowCount = dt.Rows.Count;//行数
int columnCount = dt.Columns.Count;//列数
int cellnum; //设置列头
row = sheet.CreateRow(0);//excel第一行设为列头
for (int c = 0; c < columnCount; c++)
{
cell = row.CreateCell(c);
cell.SetCellValue(dt.Columns\[c\].ColumnName);
} //设置每行每列的单元格,
for (int i = 0; i < rowCount; i++)
{
row = sheet.CreateRow(i + 1); for (int j = 0; j < columnCount; j++)
{
cell = row.CreateCell(j);//excel第二行开始写入数据 //cell.SetCellValue(dt.Rows\[i\]\[j\].ToString()); //保存单元格格式为数字
if (j < 2)
{
cell.SetCellValue(dt.Rows\[i\]\[j\].ToString());
} else { //cell.SetCellValue(int.Parse(dt.Rows\[i\]\[j\].ToString()));
if (dt.Rows\[i\]\[j\] is DBNull)
{
cell.SetCellValue(dt.Rows\[i\]\[j\].ToString());
} else {
cellnum = Convert.ToInt32(dt.Rows\[i\]\[j\].ToString());
cell.SetCellValue(cellnum);
}
}
}
} if (System.IO.File.Exists(filepath))
{ if (MessageBox.Show("该文件已存在!确定覆盖吗?", "WARNING", MessageBoxButtons.OKCancel) == DialogResult.OK)
{
File.Delete(filepath);
} else { return false;
}
} using (fs = File.OpenWrite(filepath))
{
workbook.Write(fs);//向打开的这个xls文件中写入数据
result = true;
}
} return result;
} catch (Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(ex.Message); if (fs != null)
{
fs.Close();
} return false;
}
}
最后,虽然不常用,但是关键时刻很有用的,写入文件时设置每个单元格数据类型的代码:
/// <summary>
/// 设置单元格数据类型 /// </summary>
/// <param name="cell">目标单元格</param>
/// <param name="obj">数据值</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static void SetCellValue(ICell cell, object obj)
{ if (obj.GetType() == typeof(int))
{
cell.SetCellValue((int)obj);
} else if (obj.GetType() == typeof(double))
{
cell.SetCellValue((double)obj);
} else if (obj.GetType() == typeof(IRichTextString))
{
cell.SetCellValue((IRichTextString)obj);
} else if (obj.GetType() == typeof(string))
{
cell.SetCellValue(obj.ToString());
} else if (obj.GetType() == typeof(DateTime))
{
cell.SetCellValue((DateTime)obj);
} else if (obj.GetType() == typeof(bool))
{
cell.SetCellValue((bool)obj);
} else {
cell.SetCellValue(obj.ToString());
}
}
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创建于: 2024-06-19 16:49:07
目录: default
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