在SpringBoot中对SpringSecurity的基本使用 - EnjoyCodeの博客 - CSDN博客

参考文献:

Spring Security Architecture

What is authentication in Spring Security?

Spring Security是一个能够为基于Spring的企业应用系统提供声明式的安全访问控制解决方案的安全框架。它提供了一组可以在Spring应用上下文中配置的Bean,为应用系统提供声明式的安全访问控制功能,减少了为企业系统安全控制编写大量重复代码的工作。

基本使用:

添加依赖:

<!-- 安全框架 Spring Security --><dependency>    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId></dependency>

这里有一篇博客入门学习很不错:Spring boot 中 Spring Security 使用改造5部曲

我的项目中的使用:

自定义的User对象:

/** * 自定义的 User 对象 * 此 User 类不是我们的数据库里的用户类,是用来安全服务的 */public class AnyUser extends User {    //import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;     private Long id;     private String nickname;     AnyUser(            String username,            String password,            Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities    ) {        super(username, password, authorities);    }     public Long getId() {        return id;    }     public void setId(Long id) {        this.id = id;    }     public String getNickname() {        return nickname;    }     public void setNickname(String nickname) {        this.nickname = nickname;    }}

继承UserDetailsService:
首先这里我们需要重写UserDetailsService接口,然后实现该接口中的loadUserByUsername方法,通过该方法查询到对应的用户,这里之所以要实现UserDetailsService接口,是因为在Spring Security中我们配置相关参数需要UserDetailsService类型的数据。

Spring Security 支持把权限划分层次,高层次包含低层次的权限,比如`ROLE_AMDIN,ROLE_USER`两个权限,若用户拥有了ROLE_AMDIN权限,那么相当于有了ROLE_USER权限。用户被授权了ADMIN,那么就相当于有其他所有的权限。

/** * 自定义 UserDetailsService */@Serviceclass AnyUserDetailsService implements UserDetailsService {     private final UserService userService;     public AnyUserDetailsService(UserService userService){        this.userService = userService;    }     @Override    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String s) throws UsernameNotFoundException {        com.zhou.model.User user = userService.getByEmail(s);        if (user == null){            throw new UsernameNotFoundException("用户不存在");        }        List<SimpleGrantedAuthority> authorities = new ArrayList<>();        //对应的权限添加        authorities.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_USER"));        AnyUser anyUser = new AnyUser(s, user.getPassword(), authorities);        anyUser.setId(user.getId());        anyUser.setNickname(user.getNickname());        return anyUser;    } }

安全控制中心:

/** * 安全控制中心 */@EnableWebSecurity//@EnableWebMvcSecurity 注解开启Spring Security的功能public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {     private final UserDetailsService userDetailsService;     public WebSecurityConfig(AnyUserDetailsService userDetailsService){        this.userDetailsService = userDetailsService;    }     @Override    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {        auth.userDetailsService(this.userDetailsService);    }     /**     * http.authorizeRequests()     .anyRequest().authenticated()     .and().formLogin().loginPage("/login")     //设置默认登录成功跳转页面     .defaultSuccessUrl("/index").failureUrl("/login?error").permitAll()     .and()     //开启cookie保存用户数据     .rememberMe()     //设置cookie有效期     .tokenValiditySeconds(60 * 60 * 24 * 7)     //设置cookie的私钥     .key("")     .and()     .logout()     //默认注销行为为logout,可以通过下面的方式来修改     .logoutUrl("/custom-logout")     //设置注销成功后跳转页面,默认是跳转到登录页面     .logoutSuccessUrl("")     .permitAll();     * @param http     * @throws Exception     */    @Override    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {        http                .authorizeRequests()//authorizeRequests() 定义哪些URL需要被保护、哪些不需要被保护                .antMatchers("/user/**","/news/**").authenticated()                .anyRequest().permitAll()                .and()                .formLogin()                .loginPage("/login")                .defaultSuccessUrl("/user", true)                .permitAll()                .and()                .logout()                .permitAll()                .and().csrf().disable();    } }

Spring Security提供了一个过滤器来拦截请求并验证用户身份。如果用户身份认证失败,页面就重定向到/login?error,并且页面中会展现相应的错误信息。若用户想要注销登录,可以通过访问@{/logout}请求,在完成注销之后,页面展现相应的成功消息。

自定义登录成功处理逻辑:

使登陆成功后跳到登录前页面:

//处理登录成功的。@Component("myAuthenticationSuccessHandler")public class MyAuthenticationSuccessHandler extends SavedRequestAwareAuthenticationSuccessHandler {     @Autowired    private ObjectMapper objectMapper;     @Override    public void onAuthenticationSuccess(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Authentication authentication)            throws IOException, ServletException {        //什么都不做的话,那就直接调用父类的方法        super.onAuthenticationSuccess(request, response, authentication);         String url=request.getRequestURI();         //如果是要跳转到某个页面的        new DefaultRedirectStrategy().sendRedirect(request, response, url);     }}

重新配置安全中心(代码完成之后,修改配置config类代码。添加2个注解,自动注入):

@Autowiredprivate AuthenticationSuccessHandler myAuthenticationSuccessHandler;
@Override    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {        http                .authorizeRequests()//authorizeRequests() 定义哪些URL需要被保护、哪些不需要被保护                .antMatchers("/user/**","/news/**","/blog/manage/**","/blog/create/**").authenticated()                .anyRequest().permitAll()                .and()                .formLogin()                .loginPage("/login")                .successHandler(myAuthenticationSuccessHandler)//登陆成功处理                .permitAll()                .and()                .logout()                .permitAll()                .and().csrf().disable();    }

QQ登录实现:

准备工作:

  • 1、在 QQ互联 申请成为开发者,并创建应用,得到APP ID 和 APP Key。
  • 2、了解QQ登录时的 网站应用接入流程。(必须看完看懂)。

为了方便各位测试,这里直接提供一个可以使用的:

APP ID:101386962

APP Key:2a0f820407df400b84a854d054be8b6a

回调地址:http://www.ictgu.cn/login/qq

提醒:因为回调地址不是 http://localhost ,所以在启动我提供的demo时,需要在host文件中添加一行:127.0.0.1 www.ictgu.cn

后端详解:

1、自定义 QQAuthenticationFilter 继承 AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter:

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;import org.jsoup.Jsoup;import org.jsoup.nodes.Document;import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter;import org.springframework.security.web.util.matcher.AntPathRequestMatcher; import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.regex.Matcher;import java.util.regex.Pattern; public class QQAuthenticationFilter extends AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter {    private final static String CODE = "code";     /**     * 获取 Token 的 API     */    private final static String accessTokenUri = "https://graph.qq.com/oauth2.0/token";     /**     * grant_type 由腾讯提供     */    private final static String grantType = "authorization_code";     /**     * client_id 由腾讯提供     */    public static final String clientId = "101386962";     /**     * client_secret 由腾讯提供     */    private final static String clientSecret = "2a0f820407df400b84a854d054be8b6a";     /**     * redirect_uri 腾讯回调地址     */    private final static String redirectUri = "http://www.ictgu.cn/login/qq";     /**     * 获取 OpenID 的 API 地址     */    private final static String openIdUri = "https://graph.qq.com/oauth2.0/me?access_token=";     /**     * 获取 token 的地址拼接     */    private final static String TOKEN_ACCESS_API = "%s?grant_type=%s&client_id=%s&client_secret=%s&code=%s&redirect_uri=%s";     public QQAuthenticationFilter(String defaultFilterProcessesUrl) {        super(new AntPathRequestMatcher(defaultFilterProcessesUrl, "GET"));    }     @Override    public Authentication attemptAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws AuthenticationException, IOException, ServletException {        String code = request.getParameter(CODE);        String tokenAccessApi = String.format(TOKEN_ACCESS_API, accessTokenUri, grantType, clientId, clientSecret, code, redirectUri);        QQToken qqToken = this.getToken(tokenAccessApi);        if (qqToken != null){            String openId = getOpenId(qqToken.getAccessToken());            if (openId != null){                // 生成验证 authenticationToken                UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authRequest = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(qqToken.getAccessToken(), openId);                // 返回验证结果                return this.getAuthenticationManager().authenticate(authRequest);            }        }        return null;    }     private QQToken getToken(String tokenAccessApi) throws IOException{        Document document = Jsoup.connect(tokenAccessApi).get();        String tokenResult = document.text();        String[] results = tokenResult.split("&");        if (results.length == 3){            QQToken qqToken = new QQToken();            String accessToken = results[0].replace("access_token=", "");            int expiresIn = Integer.valueOf(results[1].replace("expires_in=", ""));            String refreshToken = results[2].replace("refresh_token=", "");            qqToken.setAccessToken(accessToken);            qqToken.setExpiresIn(expiresIn);            qqToken.setRefresh_token(refreshToken);            return qqToken;        }        return null;    }     private String getOpenId(String accessToken) throws IOException{        String url = openIdUri + accessToken;        Document document = Jsoup.connect(url).get();        String resultText = document.text();        Matcher matcher = Pattern.compile("\"openid\":\"(.*?)\"").matcher(resultText);        if (matcher.find()){            return matcher.group(1);        }        return null;    }     class QQToken {         /**         * token         */        private String accessToken;         /**         * 有效期         */        private int expiresIn;         /**         * 刷新时用的 token         */        private String refresh_token;         String getAccessToken() {            return accessToken;        }         void setAccessToken(String accessToken) {            this.accessToken = accessToken;        }         public int getExpiresIn() {            return expiresIn;        }         void setExpiresIn(int expiresIn) {            this.expiresIn = expiresIn;        }         public String getRefresh_token() {            return refresh_token;        }         void setRefresh_token(String refresh_token) {            this.refresh_token = refresh_token;        }    }}

说明:Filter 过滤时执行的方法是 doFilter(),由于 QQAuthenticationFilter 继承了 AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter,所以过滤时使用的是父类的doFilter() 方法。

说明:doFilter()方法中,有一步是 attemptAuthentication(request, response) 即为 QQAuthenticationFilter 中实现的方法。这个方法中调用了 this.getAuthenticationManager().authenticate(authRequest),这里自定义了类 QQAuthenticationManager,代码如下:

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;import com.zhou.model.User;import org.jsoup.Jsoup;import org.jsoup.nodes.Document;import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;import org.springframework.security.authentication.BadCredentialsException;import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;import org.springframework.security.core.AuthenticationException;import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List; import static com.zhou.config.qq.QQAuthenticationFilter.clientId; public class QQAuthenticationManager implements AuthenticationManager {    private static final List<GrantedAuthority> AUTHORITIES = new ArrayList<>();     /**     * 获取 QQ 登录信息的 API 地址     */    private final static String userInfoUri = "https://graph.qq.com/user/get_user_info";     /**     * 获取 QQ 用户信息的地址拼接     */    private final static String USER_INFO_API = "%s?access_token=%s&oauth_consumer_key=%s&openid=%s";     static {        AUTHORITIES.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_USER"));    }     @Override    public Authentication authenticate(Authentication auth) throws AuthenticationException {        if (auth.getName() != null && auth.getCredentials() != null) {            User user = null;            try {                user = getUserInfo(auth.getName(), (String) (auth.getCredentials()));            } catch (Exception e) {                e.printStackTrace();            }            return new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(user,                    null, AUTHORITIES);        }        throw new BadCredentialsException("Bad Credentials");    }     private User getUserInfo(String accessToken, String openId) throws Exception {        String url = String.format(USER_INFO_API, userInfoUri, accessToken, clientId, openId);        Document document;        try {            document = Jsoup.connect(url).get();        } catch (IOException e) {            throw new BadCredentialsException("Bad Credentials!");        }        String resultText = document.text();        JSONObject json = JSON.parseObject(resultText);         User user = new User();        user.setNickname(json.getString("nickname"));        user.setEmail("暂无。。。。");        //user.setGender(json.getString("gender"));        //user.setProvince(json.getString("province"));        //user.setYear(json.getString("year"));        user.setAvatar(json.getString("figureurl_qq_2"));         return user;    }

说明:QQAuthenticationManager 的作用是通过传来的 token 和 openID 去请求腾讯的getUserInfo接口,获取腾讯用户的信息,并生成新的 Authtication 对象。
接下来就是要将 QQAuthenticationFilter 与 QQAuthenticationManager 结合,配置到 Spring Security 的过滤器链中。代码如下:

@Override    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {        http                .authorizeRequests()//authorizeRequests() 定义哪些URL需要被保护、哪些不需要被保护                .antMatchers("/user/**","/news/**","/blog/manage/**").authenticated()                .anyRequest().permitAll()                .and()                .formLogin()                .loginPage("/login")                .successHandler(myAuthenticationSuccessHandler)//登陆成功处理                .permitAll()                .and()                .logout()                .permitAll()                .and().csrf().disable();        // 在 UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter 前添加 QQAuthenticationFilter        http.addFilterAt(qqAuthenticationFilter(), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);    }     /**     * 自定义 QQ登录 过滤器     */    private QQAuthenticationFilter qqAuthenticationFilter(){        QQAuthenticationFilter authenticationFilter = new QQAuthenticationFilter("/login/qq");        //SimpleUrlAuthenticationSuccessHandler successHandler = new SimpleUrlAuthenticationSuccessHandler();        //successHandler.setAlwaysUseDefaultTargetUrl(true);        //successHandler.setDefaultTargetUrl("/user");        MyAuthenticationSuccessHandler successHandler = new MyAuthenticationSuccessHandler();        authenticationFilter.setAuthenticationManager(new QQAuthenticationManager());        authenticationFilter.setAuthenticationSuccessHandler(successHandler);        return authenticationFilter;    }

说明:由于腾讯的回调地址是 /login/qq,所以 QQAuthenticationFilter 拦截的路径是 /login/qq,然后将 QQAuthenticationFilter 置于 UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter 相同级别的位置。

前端说明:

前端很简单,一个QQ登陆按钮,代码如下:

<a href="https://graph.qq.com/oauth2.0/authorize?response_type=code&client_id=101386962&redirect_uri=http://www.ictgu.cn/login/qq&state=test" class="btn btn-primary btn-block">QQ登录</a>

**
**

其他说明:
腾讯官网原话:openid是此网站上唯一对应用户身份的标识,网站可将此ID进行存储便于用户下次登录时辨识其身份,或将其与用户在网站上的原有账号进行绑定。
通过QQ登录获取的 openid 用于与自己网站的账号一一对应。


Original url: Access
Created at: 2019-11-19 17:01:06
Category: default
Tags: none

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